All Papers

Allan RP, Shine KP, Slingo A, Pamnet JA. (1999) The dependence of clear-sky outgoing longwave radiation on surface temperature and relative humidity. Q.J.R. Meteor. Soc. 125: 2103-26

Bates JJ, Jackson DL. (1997) A comparison of water vapor observations with AMIP I simulations. J. Geophys. Res. 102: 21,837-52 | Download |

Bates JJ, Jackson DL, Breon FM, Bergen ZD, (2000). Variability of upper troposperic humidity 1979-1998. J. Geophys. Res. Submitted | Download |

Bony S, Duvel JP, Le Treut H. (1995) Observed dependence of the water vapour and clear-sky greenhouse effect on sea surface temperature: comparison with climate warming experiments. Clim. Dyn. 11: 307-20

Broccoli AL. (2000) Tropical cooling at the last glacial maximum: an atmosphere-mixed layer ocean simulation. J. Clim. 13: 951-976

Cess et al. (1989) Interpretation of cloud-climate feedback as produced by 14 atmospheric general circulation models. Science. 245: 513-516

Cess RD, Potter GL, Blanchet JP, Boer GJ, Delgenio AD, et al. (1990) Intercomparison and interpretation of climate feedback processes in 19 atmospheric general circulation models. J. Geophys. Res. A 95: 16,601-15 | Download |

Cess RC, Zhang MH, Minnis P Corsetti L, Dutton EG, et al. (1995)  Absorption of solar radiation by clouds: observations versus models. Science 267: 496-99

Del Genio AD, Kovari W Jr, Yao MS. (1994) Climatic implications of the seasonal variation of upper-troposphere water vapor. Geophys. Res. Lett. 21: 2701-4 | |

Dessler AE, Sherwood SC. (2000) Simulations of tropical upper-tropospheric humidity. J. Geophys. Res. submitted

Elliott WP, Gaffen DJ. (1991) On the utility of radiosonde humidity archives for climate studies. Bull. Am. Meteor. Soc. 72: 1507-20 | Download |

Emanuel K, Pierrehumbert RT. (1996) Microphysical and dynamical control of tropospheric water vapor. In Clouds, Chemistry, and Climate, NATO ASI Ser. 35, Springer-Verlag. 260

Gaffen DJ, Rosen RD, Salstein DA, Boyle JS. (1998) Evaluation of tropospheric water vapor similations from the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project. J. Clim. 10: 1648-61 | Download |

Hall A, Manabe S (1999) The role of water vapor feedback in unperturbed climate variability and global warming. J Clim. 12: 2327-2346. | Download |

Hall A, Manabe S. (2000) Effect of water vapor feedback on internal and anthropogenic variations of the global hydrologic cycle. J Geophys Res. 105(D5): 6935-6944. | Download |

Hansen J, Lacis S, Rind D, Russel G, Stone P. (1984) Climate sensitivity. Geophys. Monogr., 29, ed. JE Hansen, T Takahashi, 5: 130-63. Washington, DC: Geophys. Union

Held IM, Soden BJ (2000) Water vapor feedback and global warming. Annu Rev Energy Environ. 25: 441-475.

Inamdar AK, Ramanathan V. (1998) Tropical and global scale interactions among water vapor, atmospheric greenhouse effect and surface temperature. J. Geophys. Res. 103: 32,177-94 | Download |

Kasting JF. (1989) Runaway and moist greenhouse atmospheres and the evolution of Earth and Venus. Icarus 74: 472-94

Lau K-M, Ho C-H, Chou M-D, (1996) Water vapor and cloud feedback over the tropical oceans: Can we use ENSO as a surrogate for climatic change? Geophys. Res. Lett. 23: 2971-74 | Download |

Lindzen RS. (1990) Some coolness concerning global warming. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 71: 288-99 | Download

Lindzen RS, Kirtman B, Kirk-Davidoff D, Schneider EK, (1995) Seasonal surrogate for climate. J. Clim. 8: 1681-84 | Download |

Manabe S, Wetherald RT (1967) Thermal equilibrium of the atmosphere with a given distribution of relative humidity. J Atmos Sci. 24: 241-259. | Download |

Manabe S, Wetherald RT. (1975) The effects of doubling the CO2 concentration on the climate of a general circulation model. J. Atmos. Sci. 32: 3-15 | Download |

Meehl GA, Collins W, Boville B, Keihl JT, Wigley TML, Arlaster JM. (2000) Response of the NCAR Climate System Model to increased CO2 and the role of physical processes. J. Clim. In Press

Mitchell JFB, Johns TC, Gregory JM, Tett SFB. (1995) Climate response to increasing levels of greenhouse gases and sulphate aerosols. Nature 376: 501-4

Moller F. (1963) On the influence of changes in CO2 concentration in air on the radiation balance of Earth's surface and on climate. J. Geophys. Res. 68: 3877-86 | |

Raval A, Ramanathan V. (1989) Observational determination of the greenhouse effect. Nature 342: 758-62

Rind D, Chiou EW, Chu W, Larsen J, Oltmans S, et al. (1991) Positive water vapour feedback in climate models confirmed by satellite data. Nature 349: 500-3

Roeckner E, Bengsston L, Feitcher J, Lelieveld J, Rodhe H. (1999) Transient climate change with a coupled atmosphere-ocean GCM including the tropospheric sulphur cycle. J. Clim. 12: 3004-32 | Download |

Ross RJ, Elliott WP. (1996) Tropospheric water vapor climatology and trends over North America: 1973-93. J. Clim. 9: 3561-74 | Download |

Ross RJ, Gaffen DJ. (1998) Comment on "Widespread tropical atmospheric drying from 1979-1995" by Schroeder and McGuirk. Geophys. Res. Lett. 25: 4357-58 | |

Salath EP, Hartmann DL. (1997) A trajectory analysis of tropical upper-tropospheric moisture and convection, J. Clim. 10: 2533-47 | Download |

Salath EP, Hartmann DL. (2000) Subsidence and upper-tropospheric drying along trajectories in a general circulation model. J. Clim. 13: 257-63 | Download |

Schneider EK, Kirtman BP, Lindzen RS. (1999) Tropospheric water vapor and climate sensitivity, J. Atmos. Sci. 36: 1649-58

Schroder SR, McGuirk JP. (1998) Widespread tropical atmospheric drying from 1979-1995. Geophys. Res. Lett. 25: 1301-4 | Download |

Senior CA, Mitchell JFB. (1993) Carbon dioxide and climate: the impact of cloud parameterization. J. Clim. 6: 393-418 | Download |

Sherwood SC. (1996) Maintenance of the free-tropospheric tropical water vapor distribution: II. Simulation by large-scale advection. J. Clim. 9: 2919-34 | Download|

Shine KP, Sinha A. (1991) Sensitivity of the earth's climate to height-dependent changes in the water vapour mixing ratio. Nature 354: 38-84

Soden BJ. (1997) Variations in the tropical greenhouse effect during El Nino. J. Clim. 10: 1050-55 | Download |

Soden BJ, Bretherton FP. (1993) Upper tropospheric relative humidity from the GOES 6.7 micron channel: method and climatology for July 1987. J. Geophys. Res. 98: 16,669-88 | Download |

Soden BJ, Fu R. (1995) A satellite analysis of deep convection, upper-tropospheric humidity and the greenhouse effect. J. Clim. 8: 2333-51 | Download |

Soden BJ, Lanzante JR. (1996) An assessment of satellite and radiosonde climatologies of upper-tropospheric water vapor. J. Clim. 9: 1235-50 | Download |

Soden BJ, Schroeder SR. (2000) Decadal variations in tropical water vapor: A comparison of observations and a model simulation. J. Clim. 13: 3037-40

Spencer RW, Braswell WD. (1997) How dry is the tropical free troposphere? Implications for global warming theory. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 78: 1097-106 | |

Stephens GL, Greenwald TJ. (1991) Observations of the earth's radiation budget in relation to atmospheric hydrology: I. Clear sky greenhouse effect and water vapor feedback. J. Geophys. Res. 96: 15,311-24 | Download |

Stouffer R, Manabe S. (1999) Response of a coupled ocean-atmosphere model to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide: sensitivity to rate of increase. J. Clim. 12: 2224-37 | Download |

Sun DZ, Held IM. (1996) A comparison of modeled and observed relationships between interannual variations of water vapor and temperature. J. Clim. 9: 665-75 | Download |

Sun DZ, Lindzen RS. (1993) distribution of tropical tropospheric water vapor. J. Atmos. Sci. 50: 1644-60

Wetherald RT, Manabe S. (1988) Cloud feedback processes in a general circulation model. J. Atmos. Sci. 45: 1397-415 | Download |

Zhang MH, Hack JJ, Keihl JT, Cess RD. (1994) Diagnostic study of climate feedback processes in atmospheric general circulation models. J. Geophys. Res. 99(D3): 5525-37 | Download |