The important features of the atmospheric circulation
Inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ).  The east-west-oriented
band of intense convection located over the warmest regions of
the tropics.
Sub-tropics.  The large areas of sinking, typically located at about
20° latitude, that compensate for the rising motion of the ITCZ.
Little precipitation falls in these regions.
Monsoon.  A tropical seasonal phenomenon driven by contrasts in
land-sea temperature.  When the land is warm relative to the
ocean, air rises over the land, drawing in moist air from the ocean.
Intense precipitation typically follows on land.
Mid-latitude jet stream.  An intense air current that moves to the
east in both hemispheres.  The jet stream is turbulent, particularly
in wintertime.   The eddies it generates are wintertime storms.